Reovirus–3 (REO-3)

Prepared by: Michael J. Huerkamp, DVM, Diplomate ACLAM
Date: May 26, 1999

Agent: Reovirus–3 (REO-3)

Reovirus-3 is a natural pathogen of mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, gerbils and other mammals including, potentially, humans. It can infect human cells and is suspected of causing liver disease in human infants. However, experimental infections with Reovirus-3 in rodents are important as models of human infectious diseases and their effects on the liver, brain and intestines and as test systems for studying virus biology.

Potential Hazard: The greatest risk presented by Reovirus-3 is that to rodents, rather than humans. The agent is commonly shed in the feces and contaminates the environment for lengthy periods. Infection is acquired by ingestion or inhalation of the virus. It usually does not cause clinical signs in adult rodents, but it may alter immune function and, in nursing rodents, it may cause fatal diarrhea, brain infection or liver failure. Depending on the age when infected, infection may also be for long periods of time. Reoviruses also present the theoretical risk of brain infection or diarrhea in humans, especially children.

Recommended Precautions: Animal biosafety level 2+ procedures (DAR SOP 400-15) are sufficient to contain this virus and protect other rodents and humans from exposure.

References:Companion Guide to Infectious Diseases of Mice and Rats, NRC, 1991, pp. 43-4. Infectious Diseases of Mice and Rats, NRC, 1991, pp. 118-23.

Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 9(3): 264-8, 1994.